How cats give birth to kittens? - briefly
Cats typically give birth in a quiet and safe place they have prepared beforehand, such as under a bed or in a closet. The birthing process can last several hours, with each kitten arriving approximately 10-60 minutes apart.
How cats give birth to kittens? - in detail
Cats, like many other mammals, are polyestrous, meaning they can have multiple litters in a year if not spayed. The gestation period for cats is approximately 64 days, during which significant physiological changes occur in preparation for birth.
As the due date approaches, the cat's body undergoes several preparatory stages. The mammary glands begin to enlarge and produce colostrum, a nutrient-rich fluid that provides essential antibodies and nutrients to newborn kittens. This process is known as lactogenesis and helps ensure the kittens receive immediate immunity and nourishment upon birth.
The cat's behavior may also change during this period. She might become more affectionate, seek out quiet, secluded areas, and exhibit nesting behaviors such as digging or pawing at blankets or bedding. These actions help her create a safe and comfortable environment for the upcoming delivery.
When labor begins, the cat typically experiences three distinct stages. The first stage involves contractions of the uterus that help dilate the cervix, allowing the kittens to pass through the birth canal. During this phase, the cat might appear restless, pant, or have a decreased appetite.
The second stage is the most active and visible part of labor. The cat will strain and push, attempting to expel each kitten from her body. Each kitten is usually delivered headfirst, followed by the shoulders and the rest of the body. The mother cat often licks and nuzzles each newborn, stimulating breathing and helping to clear any mucus or fluid from their airways. This process also helps establish the bond between mother and kittens.
The third stage involves the delivery of the placenta, which is typically expelled within a few minutes after each kitten's birth. The cat may eat the placentas, a behavior known as placentophagy, which serves to clean the birthing area and provides additional nutrients.
Throughout labor, it is crucial for the cat to have access to clean water and a quiet, undisturbed environment. While most cats give birth without complications, close monitoring is essential to ensure the safety of both the mother and her newborn kittens. If the cat experiences prolonged labor, appears weak or lethargic, or shows signs of distress, immediate veterinary intervention may be necessary.
After all the kittens have been delivered, the mother will continue to care for them diligently. She will nurse them frequently, providing essential nutrition and antibodies through her milk. The kittens, in turn, will grow rapidly, relying on their mother's nurturing and protection during their early weeks of life.