Diseases that cats carry to humans? - briefly
Cats can transmit zoonotic diseases to humans, such as toxoplasmosis, cat scratch disease, and ringworm, primarily through direct contact or contaminated environments.
Diseases that cats carry to humans? - in detail
Cats can transmit several diseases to humans, known as zoonotic diseases, through direct contact, scratches, bites, or exposure to their feces. One of the most well-known zoonotic diseases is toxoplasmosis, caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Humans can contract it by accidentally ingesting the parasite, often through contact with cat feces or contaminated soil. While toxoplasmosis is usually mild in healthy individuals, it poses significant risks to pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals, potentially leading to severe complications such as miscarriage or neurological issues. Another common disease is cat scratch disease (CSD), caused by the bacterium Bartonella henselae. It is transmitted through scratches or bites from infected cats, leading to symptoms like fever, swollen lymph nodes, and fatigue. In rare cases, CSD can cause more severe complications, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems. Ringworm, a fungal infection, is another zoonotic disease that cats can transmit to humans. Despite its name, it is not caused by a worm but by dermatophyte fungi. It manifests as circular, itchy rashes on the skin and can spread through direct contact with an infected cat or contaminated surfaces. Additionally, cats can carry Salmonella bacteria, which can be transmitted to humans through contact with contaminated feces or surfaces. This can lead to gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal cramps. Rabies, though rare in domestic cats, is a serious viral disease that can be transmitted to humans through bites or scratches from an infected animal. It affects the central nervous system and is almost always fatal if not treated promptly. Preventive measures, such as regular veterinary care, proper hygiene, and avoiding contact with stray or unknown cats, are essential to minimize the risk of zoonotic diseases. Vaccinating cats, especially against rabies, and practicing good hand hygiene after handling cats or cleaning litter boxes are critical steps in protecting human health.